Nurse Leader Essay - 885 Words

Nurse Leader Leadership does not always come with a title or prestige. Every nurse has within themselves qualities that make them a great leader. Leadership by definition, â€Å"is a combination of intrinsic personality traits, learned leadership skills, and characteristics of the situation (Cherry Jacob (2013 p. 335). A leader is one who has the capacity and skills to direct or encourage others in efforts to achieve an outcome. I recently completed a self-assessment on my perceived leadership abilities. The survey was called the Nurse Manager Skills Inventory (Nurse Manager Leadership Partnership, 2008). It consists of four content areas of which I will address and identify my strengths and weaknesses. I am almost 48 years old and have†¦show more content†¦Career planning I rated myself between competent and expert in the three areas of career planning. I understand my role in my current job and I have a full understanding of where I want to be in the future. My career path has me staying at my present employer. I love working for my state’s Quality Improvement Organization. I am surrounded by people who are striving to better health care for all residents in Wisconsin and I am thrilled to be part of this team! Personal Journey Disciplines I have the opportunity to participate in shared leadership as I lead several statewide initiatives in regards to stroke care. I have had the sometimes uncomfortable opportunity many times to reflect on choices I have made, this is also known as â€Å"action learning†. I believe it is a good practice to ponder decisions made to determine if possibly a different path or choice could have been made. This makes one a good leader to thoughtfully contemplate behaviors. Reflective Practice Reference Behaviors/Tenets Personal reflection is individualized and as such there are several methods that can be utilized. The tenant I need to personally work on is the appreciation of ambiguity. I do appreciate everyone’s uniqueness and value every person as a holistic individual. However, I am definitely not perfect atShow MoreRelatedRole Of Nurse Leader And Nurse Manager1547 Words   |  7 PagesRole of Nurse Leader and Nurse Manager in Nursing Shortage and Turn-over During the recent years, the American Healthcare system is struggling with the issue of the nursing shortage and turnover. There are many rationales and reasons for this issue and the writer will discuss some of them in this paper. Nursing shortage and turnover remarkably influenced on the provision of the services by the health care provider, the financial burden on the healthcare facility and also a stressful working environmentRead MoreThe Roles Of The Nurse Leaders960 Words   |  4 Pageswill explain how the nurse leaders play an important role in promoting Evidenced based practice. 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Resistance to change can vary, but nurse leaders need to be empowered to buffer the negative effects of resistance (Montani,Read MoreThe Career Of A Nurse Leader Essay1968 Words   |  8 PagesSlide 1: The expectations of nurses today are higher than ever with goals such as achieving top percentiles in nursing and patient satisfaction, to being among the top leaders in quality outcomes, and to build productive work relationships and environments. Nursing leaders serve as the primary link between staff, physicians, and the community. They are expected to be innovative, highly skilled, possess a certain degree of nursing knowledge, and produce qualified individuals to care for the growingRead MoreNovice to Expert Nurse Leader781 Words   |  4 PagesNOVICE TO EXPERT NURSE LEADER By Gwen Travis Gonzaga University NURS 553 The path to nursing leadership most often progresses from novice to expert nurse and then onto a novice nurse manager. The novice nurse manager is asked to lead and rarely given the tools or knowledge to be successful in this new role. The Dreyfus Model of Skill Acquisition discussed by Patricia Benner includes the following five levels of competency in the clinical nurse (Benner, 1982): * Level I – NOVICE –Read MoreNursing Is A Leader, And The Ways Nurses Essay981 Words   |  4 PagesNursing has dynamic role in Patient care. Nurses educate, advocate, care and comfort patient. Moreover, nurses do 24 hour bedside care; they assess, plan, implement and evaluate the care and comfort of the patient. Furthermore, they communicate and collaborate patient care with other care team members. Nurses are eyes and ears of patient. Institute of medicine (IOM) understand the relation of nursing care and patient outcome. IOM perceives nurses going above and beyond to improve increasingly complexRead MoreThe Social Nurse Leader Paper1175 Words   |  5 PagesPolitical Nurse Leader Paper Today more so than ever, nurses must not only advocate for themselves and their patients at the organizations and facilities that they work at, but they must now advocate on a much larger political stand. It is imperative that nurses stay up-to-date on what is happening locally, statewide, and nationwide as this has a direct impact on nurses, their organizations they serve, and the patients they passionately care for each day. Due to the sheer number of nurses, it isRead MoreA Study On Clinical Nurse Leader944 Words   |  4 Pages Clinical Nurse Leader The cost of healthcare continues to rise all over the world. The United States’ is one of the highest spenders compared to other countries. The rising cost of healthcare does not mean people are getting higher quality care. People deserve high quality care at the lowest possible price. Medicare and Medicaid have very strict guidelines and pay hospitals a fraction for poor outcomes (Wilson et al., 2013). Nurse have always been on the forefront of patient care. They haveRead MoreThe Rising Of A New Nurse Leader1404 Words   |  6 PagesThe Rising of a New Nurse leader Introduction The making of a nurse leader takes education, training, and experience. Whatever the personality trait of a professional nurse, this self-discovery will only be a means to aim in becoming a nurse leader. A professional nurse in leadership is one that is transformational, involved in a professional organization, a change agent, and has a high Emotional Intelligence to be able to manage a team. She is aware and knowledgeable of the inevitable changes occurringRead MoreLeadership Characteristics Of A Nurse Leader1441 Words   |  6 PagesThe kind of nursing leader I will be a nurse who can collaborate with a team of staff who will care for patients. According to Rose Sherman, EdD, RN, NEA-BC, CNL and Elizabeth Pross, PhD, RN, author of Growing Future Nurse Leaders to Build and Sustain Healthy Work Environment at the Unit Level, gives descriptions of nurse leaders. To be an effective leader, there are characters leading to a type of nurse leadership. Whether I m dealing with a strugg le between co-workers or an intimidating personality

What Are The Characteristics Of The Individuals In This

What are the characteristics of the individuals in this case study? Carla, her husband, and their children were all born in a small coastal mining town. Carla’s parents died when she was young and she was left to her older aunt who was illiterate, this lead to a weakening in Carla’s educational ability. Carla is shown to be determined and this is evident through the sole-parenting of her two children from an early age. Carla’s husband sustains a head injury at work but failed to report it or seek treatment, demonstrating his lack of confidence in his work environment, perhaps due to a fear of being dismissed. Carla’s children grew up and moved to the city to seek employment, despite their struggle of education. Carla’s daughter lives with†¦show more content†¦The case study is set in a small coastal mining town. From this arise factors of limited employment opportunities, lower income, and populations in rural areas are often far from hospitals and other essential facilities. Carla s husband became forgetful after he sustained the head injury and later developed depression. Carla provides care for her ex-husband in times of crisis, which shows the support of one person to another. When Carla’s children were younger, she and her neighbours would share childcare duties and work opposite shifts. Without the mine, other businesses in town turned over and many of her lifelong friends left town. This would have left Carla without the option and availability to work the shifts she once did, because she did not have the access to the babysitting. When Carla’s children grew up, they moved to the city. This left Carla isolated in a town where many of her lifelong friends had left and her children had now also moved in search of employment. People are always a phone call away, however person-to-person contact is essential in maintaining healthy social relationships. Working conditions are affected by factors including health and safety, security and working hours. Carla’s husband began working for a casual employer after the mine was made redundant. He sustained a head injury at work but feared losing his job because of incompetence, so heShow MoreRelatedEthical Systems : Ethics And Ethics Essay1219 Words   |  5 PagesJustice course has outlined various ethical systems. This was done using the course textbook: Ethical Dilemmas and Decisions in Criminal Justice HUM 3350 Custom Edition by Lethbridge College, and peer presentations on each of the ethical systems outlined in the text. Ethical systems provide a found ation, in a variety of areas, for individuals in determining, morals, and actions within their lives (Pollock, 2015). 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Concentrating on different responses from the individual, physicalRead MoreEquality and Diversity - the Way That People Describe Themselves and Others1687 Words   |  7 PagesDescribe the individual factors that make a person who they are, by giving examples of each of the following factors: a) Physical characteristics b) Emotions c) Likes and dislikes d) Values and beliefs Each of us has different individual characteristics and factors, and it is the combination of these that make up who we are. 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Strategic Information System Into Telstra †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Information System Into Telstra. Answer: Introduction Telstra is a leading telecommunication and technology company within Australia. The organization provides full range of communications and competing into telecommunications markets. The organization offers services and competes into the Australian telecommunication market. It provides services of mobile telecommunication content (Telstra.com.au 2017). The report discussed on strategic analysis of Telstra with its business challenges and priorities consisting of Porters five force model to review impact of the IT into business operation of Telstra Corporation Limited. Strategic Analysis Business challenges of Telstra Following are business challenges of the Telstra: There is raise of demand but the prices are falling. Telstra responds to the growing demand but there is an increase of range of services. Each of the services are operated with discrete niche, therefore none of the devices are interacting. Telstra is falling of revenue into its mobile businesses. The revenue of mobile is decreased by 8.7 percent in last six months (com.au 2017). There are security threats and challenges that the information is being hacked by the hackers. Telstra is not designing and manufacturing of its own products. It has purchased its mobile network from elsewhere. Top five business priorities of Telstra Following are business priorities of Telstra: Telstra targets everyone towards their mobile network based on age, location and income to enjoy the benefit of telecommunication technologies. They work into strategic approaches to identify and minimize the environmental impact of their products and operations (ABC News 2016). The organization strives to deliver of customers and growth into revenue. Continue into invest into long term growth Acceleration of productivity programs (Computerworld 2013). Porters five force model to review impact of IT into Telstra Intensity of existing rivalry: Telstra has few competitors, which is positive for the organization. The governmental policies as well as regulations are limiting the competition. Telstra has large industry size to gain a large market share. Due to fast growth of industry, it increases revenue that makes a positive affect into Telstra (Wheelen and Hunger 2017). Bargaining power of suppliers: There is lower cost of switching suppliers due to less bargaining power. Low concentration of the suppliers means that the suppliers have low bargaining power. The critical creation inputs are comparable, and then it is easier to equal the efforts (Hill, Jones and Schilling 2014). Threat of substitutes: There is low performance product means that the customers are fewer switches to other products. The products are low quality. When the products as well as services are varied, then the customers are less to find similar products services to meet their requirements (Peppard and Ward 2016). Bargaining power of customers: The customers are paying further for single product which definitely affects the organization. There are huge numbers of consumers, and then no consumers are tending to negotiating leverage (Hill and Jones 2013). As the customers have limited choices, then it ends up paying more for available product. Threat of new competitors: Telstra should improve their brand value to compete into the market. Higher sunk cost makes it critical for the competitors to enter into new market. Strategizing Use of IT to support business of Telstra Telstra uses of information and communication technology (ICT) solutions to deliver of positive telecommunication services to the customers. ICT solutions also help the organization to achieve sustainability into the business (ABC News 2016). With support from IT, the organization developed innovative products which help into global technology to connect with other people. It will help to gain profitability as well as market share. IT strategic steps taken by CIO during three years The cloud division of Telstra joined with Cisco to launch of own cloud services to become first global partner into the business process (Wheelen and Hunger 2017). The organization invests into technology for improving cost efficiency as well as driving of growth. Design and implementation of innovation process of telecommunication network as well as products IT strategic mistakes of CIO during past three years In the year 2016, due to sudden system shutdown, the customers of Australia are not able to make and receive calls for two hours after two many nodes are fault. Telstra failed to market as well as communicate the IT values to the customers and their telecommunication network users (Slack 2015). The technology project are time consuming and expensive. Therefore, Telstra has made larger investment into IT infrastructure and deployed into complex application. Significant IT opportunities overlooked out by CIO throughout past three years During the past three years, CIO had missed out the opportunities of digital transformation which will test leaderships across Telstra. Driving of new digital workplaces is harnessing the power of cloud as well as mobile. The new technology is available for both customers and employees. Use of advanced IT technology should empower Telstra to drive innovation as well as growth in their market share. It also helps to raise the profitability (Rothaermel 2015). The market segments of Telstra are mobile telecommunication services, broadband access, internet services and IT management into telecommunication network. The opportunities are strategic IT growth plan. There is an increasing demand of telecommunication services and growth of IT market. The organization also missed out the opportunities to launch of 4G mobile broadband network. Top strategic IT risks and challenges faced by Telstra The risks and challenges faced by Telstra are rapid change in technology and increasing of competition of other IT organizations. Technology is changing and this changes lead to render of equipments, services as well as technical obsolete (Peteraf, Gamble and Thompson 2014). It will affect the competitiveness and needs the organization to raise capital expenditures to maintain of competitive positions (Slack 2015). In order to mitigate the risks and challenges related to technology, Telstra are required to analyze the changes previously before it affects the products as well as services leveraging of new technology. Identification of factors contribute to Red Ocean and Blue Ocean for IT into Telstra Factors to contribute of Red Ocean for IT into Telstra Telstra should develop trusted relationships with the customers so that they become more loyal as the organization provides high quality services. Create of revenue beyond advertising and marketing services with new offerings for customers (com.au 2017). Implement of content delivery model by lowering cost and emphasizing innovative value by creation of value curve Innovation of new products and pricing models to quicken the digital world Development of new applications in order to exploit of online content Factors to create blue ocean strategy in Telstra Use of leadership skills to improve the entire organizational performance of Telstra, it boosts the team engagement and motivation of the workers in their job Decreasing of employee turnover, raising of customer loyalty and absenteeism leads to improve the profitability of the organization (Computerworld 2013). Implementation of new innovative strategies for driving of profitability and market growth (Slack 2015). Delivering of products and network services at lower cost Executing of higher level leadership activities at lower cost Conclusion It is concluded that Telstra is a telecommunication company that is offering of telecom services to the customers. This particular report analyzes the main area of operations of Telstra. Strategic analysis of the organization is discussed to find out the IT strategies used into the organization to increase their profitability as well as customer satisfaction. References ABC News 2016.Telstra faces a $3b black hole in lost earnings once NBN rollout is finished. [online] ABC News. Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-05-20/telstra27s-243-billion-nbn-blackhole-puts-dividends-under-pre/7432910 [Accessed 2 Sep. 2017]. Computerworld 2013.Telstra to face challenges in broadening its business: analyst. [online] Computerworld. Available at: https://www.computerworld.com.au/article/523301/telstra_face_challenges_broadening_its_business_analyst/ [Accessed 2 Sep. 2017]. Ethiraj, S.K., Gambardella, A. and Helfat, C.E., 2017. Reviews of strategic management research.Strategic Management Journal,38(1), pp.3-3. Hill, C.W. and Jones, G.R., 2013.Strategic management theory. South-Western/Cengage Learning. Hill, C.W., Jones, G.R. and Schilling, M.A., 2014.Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Peppard, J. and Ward, J., 2016.The strategic management of information systems: Building a digital strategy. John Wiley Sons. Peteraf, M., Gamble, J. and Thompson Jr, A., 2014.Essentials of strategic management: The quest for competitive advantage. McGraw-Hill Education. Rothaermel, F.T., 2015.Strategic management. McGraw-Hill Education. Slack, N., 2015.Operations strategy. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Telstra.com.au 2017.Telstra - Our company. [online] Telstra.com.au. Available at: https://www.telstra.com.au/aboutus/our-company [Accessed 2 Sep. 2017]. Wheelen, T.L. and Hunger, J.D., 2017.Strategic management and business policy. pearson.

Internet and Its Impact on Developing Countries; Examples from India and China Essay Example

Internet and Its Impact on Developing Countries; Examples from India and China Essay The Internet and its impact on developing countries: examples from China and India T. Kanti Srikantaiah Dominican University, River Forest, Illinois, USA and The Internet and its impact on China and India 199 Received February 1998 Revised March 1998 Dong Xiaoying Peking University, Beijing, China Introduction In the new information climate many countries are relying on electronic access to information through the Internet, which is revolutionising information management and information technology. Developed countries have improved their communication systems and are able to share information in a user-friendly environment. They have used the Internet in various sectors: †¢ agriculture; †¢ health; †¢ public sector management; †¢ industry; †¢ environment; †¢ telecommunications; †¢ trade; †¢ etc. The Internet is now penetrating developing countries. This paper discusses the role of the Internet in such countries, with specific reference to China and India. The Internet The idea of the Internet originated about 25 years ago at the US Defense Department Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), to keep track of data through computer hardware and software. The Internet is now a complex web of networks connected with high-speed links cutting across countries. There are no set boundaries for the Internet in cyberspace. Recent statistics show 50,000 networks in more than 100 countries with more than 50 million users (MIDS press release). It is estimated that the rate of growth in Internet use is around 20 per cent a month. Currently the Internet is not proprietary and is available to anyone with computer access connected to the external world. Since the USA launched the information superhighway in 1994, the Internet has come to play an ever-increasing role in the vast information market in many countries (Table I). Asian Libraries, Vol. 7 No. 9, 1998, pp. 199-209.  © MCB University Press, 1017-6748 We will write a custom essay sample on Internet and Its Impact on Developing Countries; Examples from India and China specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Internet and Its Impact on Developing Countries; Examples from India and China specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Internet and Its Impact on Developing Countries; Examples from India and China specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Asian Libraries 7,9 Country G-7 countries Canada France Germany Italy Japan Great Britain USA Africa South Africa Cyprus Tunisia Jamaica Senegal Egypt Mozambique Burkina Faso Cameroon Ghana Kenya Morocco New Caledonia Niger Swaziland Host Initial connection Country Turkey Indonesia Philippines India China Kuwait Malaysia United Arab Republic Kazakhstan Macau Fiji Uzbekistan Vietnam Lebanon Lithuania Latin America Brazil Mexico Chile Ecuador Peru Argentina Bermuda Venezuela Puerto Rico Costa Rica Guam Virgin Islands Nicaragua Panama Dominican Republic Host 22,963 10,861 4,309 4,794 25,594 3,555 6 994 1,136 1 0 153 3 1,128 2,761 Initial connection 12/91 07/93 04/94 11/90 04/94 12/92 11/92 11/93 11/93 04/94 06/93 12/94 04/95 06/94 04/94 200 690,316 292,096 875,631 211,966 955,688 878,215 825,048 07/88 07/88 09/89 08/89 08/89 04/89 07/88 419 1,973 15 349 275 1,894 44 2 75 275 457 888 59 34 240 12/91 12/92 05/91 05/94 10/94 11/93 03/95 10/94 12/92 10/94 11/93 10/94 10/94 10/94 05/94 Asia and Middle East Taiwan 40,706 12/91 Table I. South Korea 132,370 04/90 Distribution of hosts Israel 61,140 08/89 connected to the Internet Singapore 60,674 05/91 (1997): G-7 countries, Thailand 12,794 07/92 Africa, Asia, Middle East and Latin America Source of host number: http://www. w. com/zone/www/dist-byname. html, 1997 68,685 126 19,168 1,078 6,510 18,985 1,648 4,679 114 4,259 91 7 743 390 25 06/90 02/89 04/90 07/92 11/93 10/90 05/90 02/94 10/89 01/93 10/93 03/93 02/94 06/94 04/95 Malaysia’s Prime Minister, Mahathir Mohammed, once said: It can be no accident that there is today no wealthy developed country that is i nformation poor, and no information rich country that is poor and underdeveloped (Nagy, 1991, p. 57). This statement emphasises the importance of the Internet for developing countries. From an international perspective access to and use of the Internet is unbalanced; there are obvious gaps between developed and developing countries in terms of the numbers of nets, hosts and users. As a study from the Panos Institute indicated: The Internet and its impact on Table I provides data on hosts and connection dates for selected countries in China and India Africa, Latin America, Asia and Pacific, along with G-7 countries for comparison. Of the hosts 56 per cent were in the USA, 26 per cent in Europe, 16 per cent in Canada and Latin America, 12 per cent in Asia and the Middle East, and the remaining 1 per cent were in African countries. The G-7 countries took about 80 per cent of total nets connected with the Internet, and the number of nets in 55 developing countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America amounted to only 5 per cent. According to another study, based on data from World Bank economic and social indicators, the correlation of Internet nodes with GNP per capita is 0. 88 per cent. Adjusted for population size, the country with the highest density of nodes for population was Switzerland. The USA ranked sixth, and India was one of the lowest. So the revolution in electronic publishing and accessing is not really global (Jacobson, 1994). The timing of connection to the Internet is significant. For instance, while most developed countries obtained their connections to the Internet between 1988 and 1990, developing countries began around 1994-95. Even now many developing countries do not have Internet facilities. An approximate date of Internet connectivity for selected countries is also given in Table I. The World Bank has published data on various economic and social indicators for 133 countries. Table II shows data on population, literacy and GNP for selected developing countries and the G-7 countries. Tables I and II show a definite correlation among GNP per capita, population, illiteracy and number of networks connected with the Internet. The data show that the higher the GNP per capita and the lower the illiteracy rate, the greater the number of links to the Internet, whereas indicators such as higher population, higher illiteracy and lower GNP per capita accompany fewer connections to the Internet. For most developing countries Internet connections brought the golden opportunity of â€Å"leapfrog† development through participating and competing in global trade, sharing information globally in education, research and manufacturing/productivity sectors, and alleviating poverty, contributing to improved social and economic indicators. Information environment in China and India China and India are the two most populous countries in the world. With more than 2 billion people in these two countries, the market for the Internet is vast. In addition, both China and India are information-rich countries with a long tradition of learning, publishing and media activities. Both countries have recently experienced phenomenal growth in economic terms. According to a World Bank report, the annual average growth of GNP during the period 1985-94 in China and in India was around 7 per cent and 3 per cent respectively (World Bank Atlas, 1996). Compared with other developing countries of the same scale, China and India have shown significant growth in the development here is a danger of a new information elitism which excludes the majority of the world’s population (John, 1995). 201 Asian Libraries 7,9 G-7 countries Canada France Germany Italy Japan United Kingdom USA Africa Cameroon Egypt Kenya South Africa Asia China Indonesia India Malaysia Thailand Latin America Argentina Brazil Mexico Peru GNP per capita in US$, 1994 Real growth rate, 1985-94 (%) Population, 1994 (’000) Growth rate, 1985-94 (%) Illiteracy rate, 1990 (%) 202 19,570 23,470 25,580 19,270 34,630 18. 410 25,860 680 710 260 3,010 530 880 310 3,520 2,210 8,060 3,370 4,010 1,890 0. 4 1. 7 1. 9 1. 3. 2 1. 4 1. 3 –6. 6 1. 6 0. 0 –1. 4 6. 9 6. 0 2. 9 2. 7 8. 2 1. 9 –0. 4 0. 6 –2. 5 29,121 57,726 81,141 57,154 124,782 58,088 260,529 12,871 57,556 26,017 41,591 1,190,918 189,907 913,600 19,498 58,718 34,180 159,143 91,858 23,331 1. 3 0. 5 0. 5 0. 1 0. 2 0. 3 1. 0 2. 8 2. 0 2. 9 2. 4 1. 4 2. 0 2. 0 2. 5 1. 6 1. 4 1. 8 2. 2 2. 0 * * * 3 * * * 46 52 31 – 27 23 52 22 7 5 19 13 15 Table II. Basic indicators for selected developing countries and G-7 countries Notes: – = not available; *according to UNESCO, illiteracy is less than 5 per cent Source: The World Bank Atlas (1996) Washington DC: World Bank ycle and in the utilisation of information technologies and information management. The steep decrease in the price of personal computers, proliferating software in Asia and the multimedia influx have contributed to growing markets and Internet use in China and India. Sales of PCs in these regions have expanded more than 20 per cent each year (Sherry, 1995, p. 71). A rating scale by the Gartner Group predicts a long-term potential for information technology in the Asian and Pacific region (Gartner Group, 1996). The rating is based on population, education, GDP, economic growth, government support to IT, popularity of IT, IT industry (and its competitiveness), the industry type and international perspective. Table III shows details for China and India, as well as selected countries for comparison. The total rating score for China was 75 and for India 58. In China the population of 1. 2 billion lives on 9. 6 million square kilometres. With its long civilisation and tradition of learning, and with its economy Country Economic Government Popularity Industry Total Population Education GDP growth support to IT of IT Competitive type International score 9 9 4 3 4 8 7 4 9 8 7 5 9 9 7 6 5 6 3 2 2 5 4 1 5 2 18 10 12 17 16 12 12 12 14 14 8 5 8 5 6 6 8 4 9 8 7 6 0 2 10 9 7 3 6 8 3 4 7 10 0 1 9 9 7 3 5 7 1 3 7 10 6 7 5 4 5 7 7 4 7 7 6 5 8 7 4 2 4 2 7 5 6 4 4 3 53 50 75 58 58 58 62 52 50 55 62 60 The Internet and its impact on China and India 203 USA 8 Japan 8 China 10 India 10 Indonesia 8 South Korea 6 Malaysia 3 The Philippines 6 Singapore 1 Taiwan 4 Thailand 6 Vietnam 6 Source: Gartner Group (1996), China Infoworld, Vol. 1, 29 July Table III. Long-term potential of information technology in Asian and Pacific countries growing rapidly since 1980, China has become one of the most powerful information resources and an integral part of the world information community. In 1995 there were 101,381 books, 7,583 kinds of magazines (4,014 are scientific and technical journals) and 2,089 newspapers (205 national an d 844 provincial newspapers) published by nearly 600 publishers nationwide (Handbook of Press, 1996). There are 1,080 universities located in 29 provinces, and more than one million students graduate each year. There are 350,000 libraries of different types – public, university and school, research, military and labour union libraries. There are plans to have at least one library in each village and urban area in China by the year 2000. Government has always been the biggest information producer and consumer. A total of 34 information centres belonging to different central government departments, China Statistical Bureau, China Economic Information Centre and National Scientific and Technical Commission (NSTC) distribute and collect information from the central government at provincial, city and county levels. Chinese general information systems are divided into six categories: (1) information centres affiliated with the National Scientific and Technical Commission; (2) information centres belonging to central government ministries; (3) information centres of a provincial nature; (4) information centres of a specialised nature affiliated to regional governments; (5) information centres affiliated with state enterprises, universities and other research institutions; Asian Libraries 7,9 204 (6) information centres of non-governmental, regional, professional and similar bodies (Dong, 1995). Since 1994, the global upsurge of the information highway has influenced Chinese decision-makers. China’s information superhighway, consisting of â€Å"eight golden projects†, covers networks among universities, industry and state enterprises. The public need for the Internet and its potential are vast. India, which gained independence in 1947, covers a vast area of over 3. 2 million square kilometres and has a population of more than 900 million. In the area of information India is relatively rich, being the seventh largest publisher in he world. It also supports a flourishing book industry: some 11,000 publishers publish more than 18,000 monographs each year and there are more than 30,000 periodicals, of which 5,000 are in English. There are thousands of book-sellers, more than 196 universities and 8,100 colleges and research institutions. The student population in higher education alone exceeds 5 million. In Delhi alone, there are 360 booksellers, six universities, 8 0 colleges, approximately 40 research institutions and over 100 government agencies. Government offices and quasi-government offices at central, state, district, subdistrict and village levels produce and consume vast amounts of information. At the national level the main sources of information include: †¢ various line ministries; †¢ the Central Statistical Organisation (CSO); †¢ the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO); †¢ the Registrar-General of India (RGI); †¢ the National Information Centre (NIC); †¢ the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE); †¢ INSDOC; †¢ DELNET; †¢ Tata Energy Research Institution; †¢ the Centre for Science and Environment; and †¢ the Federation of India Chamber of Commerce and Industries (FICCI). There are hundreds of governmental bodies at state and local levels. The information output from these offices in the various sectors is considerable. In addition, information is created, acquired and disseminated in all manufacturing and service sectors. These sectors indicate the scope for the Internet in India. Over the years the demand for information has increased in India and China. In India the market for information in English is enormous, as English speakers form a significant proportion of the literate population. They are generally wellestablished in economic and social terms and need information in paper and electronic forms. This is also reflected in the fact that the majority of newspapers and periodicals are published in English. India, one of the largest publishers in the world, exports many books and periodicals to countries in Asia and Africa and also to Western countries. It imports much printed The Internet and material from abroad. its impact on China has made substantial progress in information management. China and India According to a 1996 report, there were 1,038 databases covering both Chinese and English sources, representing an increase of almost 30 per cent since the previous survey in 1992 (Guide to Chinese Databases, 1996): 205 †¢ there were 41 per cent of databases concentrated in science, industry and technology; †¢ economy and business databases accounted for 28. 6 per cent, a considerable increase over the 1992 figure; †¢ social science took 15 per cent; †¢ general, 5. 6 per cent; †¢ law and medicine gained 3. 5 per cent; †¢ news and mass media took about 2. 9 per cent; †¢ databases with abstracts represented 66. per cent, and †¢ full-text and number databases took less than 30 per cent. With the inclusion of Hong Kong, China has become a superpower in information acquisition and dissemination, not only in Asia but also on a global basis. It is anticipated that demand for information in China will continue to grow in significant term s in the next decade. In both India and China access to the Internet will be extremely valuable. Internet connections In China the first TCP/IP link to the Internet was established in 1994, in the Institute of Higher Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Science. The following are also connected with the Internet: †¢ Chinese Public Internet (Chinanet), established and run by the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications, the backbone of Internet connection in Beijing. It is available through local post offices for a subscription. †¢ China Education and Research Network (CERNET), owned by the State Education Commission. In 1996 CERNET connected 100 universities nation-wide. Eventually, it will connect to all universities and will become the basis for the booming educational and research development. National Computing and Networking Facilities of China (NCFC), started in 1989 and was the first high-speed network funded by the State Planning Commission and the World Bank. In 1994 its international route was opened. †¢ Gi Tong Company Network (GBNET), established in 1994, and supported by the Ministry of Electricity, has more than 1,000 users. Over three years China has shown an increase in numbers of computers and Internet users. According to statistics provided by the Information Centre of Asian Libraries 7,9 206 China Internet, the number of Internet users increased dramatically between 1994 and November 1997. The number of hosts connecting with the Internet increased approximately 35 times, from 569 to 19,739. The number of users increased steadily from 1,600 in 1994 to 620,000 in 1997, coming mainly from education, science, business and government (Information Centre of China Internet, 1997). ChinaNet plans to cover 30 provinces, and nation-wide users will exceed one million (Ge, 1996, p. 161). Internet users are generally scientists, social scientists, academics, university students, researchers and technical experts with higher-educational backgrounds and proficient in English. Access is gained, primarily, through universities, scientific and technical institutions and corporations. In India Internet access was initiated in November 1986 through the Education and Research Network (ERNET), with assistance from the Government of India and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Eight institutions were involved: the five Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT), the Indian Institute of Science (IISC) in Bangalore, the National Centre for Software Technology (CST) in Bombay and the Department of Electronics (DOE) in Delhi. The objectives included: (1) setting up a nationwide computer network for the academic and research community to promote research and development in India and abroad; (2) strengthening national capabilities in information infrastructure; (3) building specialised human resources through education and training to increase awareness of information resources available through the Internet; and (4) opening an India-USA technology gateway to provide a wide information base with other servers (ERNET, 1995). Three other internal service providers became involved at a later date: (1) SOFTNET by STP; (2) National Information Centre (NICNET); and (3) Gateway Internet Access Services (GIAS) (Ramakrishnan, n. d. ). By September 1996, India had more than 100,000 Internet users, 70,000 through ERNET, 15,000 through SOFTNET; 2,000 through NICNET and 8,000 through GIAS. User numbers are expected to grow to one million in the next three years; by then computer penetration will be around 10 million PCs. The education and research community has maximum penetration with 65 per cent, followed by business users of 25 per cent and other users of 10 per cent in the government and private households. A dramatic growth is expected once private sectors enter the Internet market. The city of Bangalore is expected to dominate the internal market because of its â€Å"electronic city†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ image (Ramakrishnan, n. d. ). Current issues and conclusions The Internet and There are three major areas of concern about the Internet that are significant in its impact on developing countries: China and India (1) national information policy; (2) regulatory framework and information infrastructure; and 207 (3) education and training. National information policy Developing countries have a long tradition of oral culture; therefore, awareness of information sources in written form tends to be minimal. While national information policy in developing countries concentrates on trade, international relations, national security and technology, very little attention has been paid to accessing information electronically through the Internet and to deriving benefits. Developing countries, in order to achieve faster economic growth, should include in their official documents high-priority plans for implementing electronic information delivery systems. Policy statements should be integrated into national planning documents such as five-year plans and should be implemented on schedule. Sufficient funding should be allocated at the planning stage and should be made available quickly for implementation. Regulatory framework and information infrastructure The regulatory framework in developed countries enforces protection of investment, intellectual property and individual privacy in the information market. The legal framework addresses private sector involvement, skilled human resources, standards and implementation. In most developing countries regulatory frameworks concerning information do not exist. Although the rapid growth in information technology is changing methods of doing business at home, at work and in organisations in both developed and developing countries, regulatory frameworks have had very little effect on developing countries. While information technology, including telecommunications, has penetrated every market in the developed world, developing countries still view information technology as a means to support management information systems, finance and accounting facilities, and data processing. Computer penetration per capita in both China and India in the area of small office/home office (SOHO) is still not significant in relation to population numbers. Telecommunications still remain a major issue in both China and India. If information infrastructure were to cover the widespread Chinese and Indian populations, and technology were to be made available to access global information through the Internet, then the economic scene would be revitalised. Awareness of the Internet and its importance for policy makers xists only at the executive level, but unfortunately, not at the political level. This needs to be addressed urgently in both countries. Asian Libraries 7,9 208 Education and training Workforces in developing countries, as in developed countries, are changing from labour intensive to knowledge-based work. In developed countries, surveys have shown Internet use is associated with higher education. The same principle applies in developing countries. Thus, attention need s to be paid to improving literacy rates. It is the responsibility of governments, central, state and local, of learning institutions and civic associations to work together to raise literacy levels in developing countries. The training of information professionals should be given priority. Trained information professionals will be able to utilise the Internet more efficiently and will be more effective in acquiring, organising and disseminating information. Often, developing countries are concerned about safeguarding their heritage of language and culture and supporting political systems. They are weary of foreign economic formats. Appropriate training for information professionals is an immediate requirement. Trained professionals can then educate the masses and take advantage of the Internet, sharing the dissemination of knowledge through cyberspace and adding value to the global information sector. The information revolution is real, and an information economy has already emerged, accelerating economic and social change. Information is crucial and is the central resource and basis for competition. The Internet will assist in development in the following ways: †¢ assessing the information capacity of the country and determining user needs, organising and synthesising information and providing access to internal and external information; †¢ disseminating information to meet the needs of the public and private sectors and the daily information needs of the general public. The two items are almost inseparable and have a symbiotic relationship. In developing countries it is urgent to train information professionals to support information infrastructure and information management. In the contemporary world, information is vital to all sectors. Thus, the role of governments in utilising the Internet is critical. First, it influences appropriate use of the Internet for social and economic change in the transition from labour-intensive production to knowledge-based information industries. Second, it defines public and private sector relationships and opens the market to a strong private information sector. Third, it redefines telecommunication policies to break down monopolies and to encourage competition among international and indigenous vendors. In conclusion, there is no single solution that can be applied, uniformly, to all situations in developing countries. Each case needs to be evaluated and customised to meet individual country needs. Priorities must be determined, depending on available resources. Indigenous resources should be harnessed and other resources tapped, including funding from international organisations. The Internet has considerable potential in developing countries: it is relevant to lobbying for more government support and budget allocation; it ffers delivery modes for the collection and dissemination of information; it may The Internet and be used to mobilise support among specialised ministries, universities and its impact on industries to produce and manage information, and to emphasise institutional China and India arrangements to influence policy makers and information purveyors to promote the Internet for the country’s development. References Dong, X. (1995), â€Å"The development and mana gement of secondary information systems and services in China†, International Information and Library Review, Vol. 27, pp. 83-94. ERNET to Academic and Research Community (1995), brochure. Gartner Group (1996), â€Å"Information industry in Asia and Pacific is catching up and will become a main player in the 21st century†, China Infoworld, Vol. 41. Ge, W. (1996), â€Å"Internet in China: the state of art and perspectives†, China Computerworld, Vol. 9, September. Guide to Chinese Databases (1996), State Planning Commission and the State Scientific and Technological Commission, Beijing. Handbook of Press and Publ ication Statistics in China (1996), Press and Publications Administration, Beijing. Information Centre of China Internet (1997), â€Å"The current situation of Internet in China†, China Computerworld, Vol. 10, November. Jacobson, T. L. (1994), â€Å"The electronic publishing revolution is not ‘global’ †, Journal of the American Society for Information Science, Vol. 45 No. 10, pp. 745-52. John, M. (1995), â€Å"Third world faces ‘information poverty’ †, CD News Bank Comprehensive, Reuters America, 11 October. MIDS press release: â€Å"New data on the size of the Internet and the matrix†, . Nagy, H. 1991), â€Å"Information technology in World Bank lending: increasing the development and development impact†, World Bank Discussion Papers, Vol. 120,World Bank, Washington, DC. Ramakrishnan, S. (n. d. ), head, Information Infrastructure Division, Department of Electronics, Government of India, New Delhi, personal communication. Sherry, A. (1995), â€Å"The East is wired†, Far Eastern Economic Review, Vol. 15. The World Bank Atlas (1996), World Bank, Washington, DC. About the authors Dr Dong Xiaoying is Associate Professor in the Department of Information Management at Peking University. She is also a member of the Editorial Advisory Board of Asian Libraries. Address: Department of Information Management, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. E-mail: [emailprotected] bta. net. cn. Dr T. Kanti Srikantaiah is Associate Professor in the Graduate School of Library and Information Science at Dominican University, Graduate School of Library and Information Science, Dominican University, 7900 West Division Street, River Forest, IL 60305. E-mail: [emailprotected] dom. edu 209

What’s New on LinkedIn †October 2015

What’s New on LinkedIn – October 2015 Exciting news! The print version of my book, How to Write a KILLER LinkedIn Profile, has been uploaded to cyberspace (Ingram Spark for those in the know) and will be available any week now on Amazon. Plus, the 12th edition of the e-book of How to Write a KILLER LinkedIn Profile is in the works! Thankfully for those who purchase either the print or the e-version of the book, it comes along with a link to get my free lifetime updates. LinkedIn is constantly changing, and the last several months have been no exception. Here are a few of the top changes I want you to be aware of. These will all be in the 12th edition of the e-book, and some of them made it into the print book too. Also note, I will be talking about some of these changes as well as tried and true LinkedIn strategies on Chicago’s WGN Radio with Rob Hart on Wednesday, October 28, 7:30pm Central! Tune in to WGN Radio 720 AM, WGNRadio.com or the WGN radio app. Here come the changes: 1. You can now send customized messages via mobile! Up until recently, I recommended never to connect with people via the LinkedIn mobile app because it did not support customized invitations. That advice is changing for those who have newer phones (both Android and iPhone). But be careful! The platform is not intuitive. And you must have the latest operating system installed. Since I have an iPhone now, I only have screen shots for you of how to do this on an iPhone. But you can do it with Androids too! NOTE: Never send an invitation from the People You May Know feature. These invitations can’t be customized. To send a customized invitation via iPhone 6, go to your contacts profile and click the †¦ button in the upper right (do NOT click on CONNECT!!): Then click Customize invite: And write your message. On Android devices with an updated operating system, after going to a member’s profile, tap either the Menu or More button, then Customize Invite, then write your message and Send! (If you mess up, you can always send another message with a customized invitation later.) 2. Groups There are multiple changes happening in LinkedIn groups, most of which people don’t like so much. As of September 22, 2015, LinkedIn says they have â€Å"simplified† group features and made the experience â€Å"easier.† You can view all these changes at LinkedIn’s New Groups Features help page. Some highlights: All LinkedIn groups are now private and can’t be seen by non-group members (and they are no longer searchable on Google). Conversations will automatically be posted without requiring manager approval (striking fear in the hearts of many group managers). The Promotions tab has been removed (good move- no one ever looked at it anyway)! There are no more subgroups (another good move) and you can now join up to 100 groups! You can mention people in Group conversation using the @ symbol (I believe this feature will encourage more interaction in conversations). Images can be posted to conversations. (Yay! We like pictures!) It’s also worth noting that LinkedIn fairly recently limited the number of one-to-one emails you can write to group members to 15 per month if you are not directly connected with the members. For one blogger’s opinion on the changes in LinkedIn Groups, see Donna Serdula’s article, Big Changes Coming. 3. Inbox Messaging You’ve probably noticed if you are even an infrequent user of LinkedIn that your inbox looks a lot different than it did three months ago! LinkedIn has created an Updated Messaging Features help page which will give you the details. Here’s some of what’s new: Mail is organized by conversation rather than by sent vs. received mail, so your entire conversation with someone will show up in the same place (Sent messages will have a blue background, left aligned, and received messages will have a gray background, right aligned). You can now manage your invitations from the People You May Know page. (I’m not sure of the value of this. Why move these from the messaging center?) Deleting a message really and truly deletes it. Forever. No archiving option (so be careful)! There is now a choice to Send messages by hitting the Enter key. Apparently due to this option, I’ve gotten up to five separate messages that were meant to be one single message! Hopefully the kinks in this feature will be worked out soon. 4. Introductions LinkedIn claims that you â€Å"can request to be introduced to someone from a mutual connections profile page. When you click Request an Intro, youll now be taken to a pre-populated messaging template that can be customized as needed.† This feature appears not to be working correctly. When I click on Request an Intro, I am taken to the most recent conversation in my inbox. Hopefully LinkedIn will correct this bug soon. 5. How you View Content Feeds You can now choose to organize the content feeds that come into your box either by Top Updates or Recent Updates. Go to your Home Page and click on the 3 dots below â€Å"Publish a post† to choose your preferred way of viewing current content. 6. Limit on Number of Searches Per Month Although LinkedIn hasn’t said HOW many searches each member can make per month, they have capped the number at something or another (I believe this happened in January but (slap on hand) I did not report it. Thankfully, another change is that you can now see the first and last name of everyone who appears in your search results list, rather than being blocked from seeing full information on certain members. Here’s what LinkedIn has to say about their new Commercial Use Limit on Search. Theoretically this system will do better at sussing out people who are overusing LinkedIn for commercial purposes, and making them pay for enhanced services, rather than penalizing the average user. Note I am not able to provide an image of the bar that says 30% of my searches are left, because I have not approached that limit. The waters are still safe for the average, or even the active, LinkedIn user! OK savvy LinkedIn users, have fun with all these changes. As soon as you get used to this bunch, there will be more. And if you have questions about any of these changes or others you are noticing, let me know and I’ll do my best to address them in future blogs and e-books! I do hope you’ll be able to tune in to my spot on WGN Radio this Wednesday at 7:30pm Central. I will also be speaking for the Yale Club of Chicago next Thursday, November 5 at 7:00pm Central, so if you live in Chicago please come see me LIVE! Here’s information on that event: How to Write a KILLER LinkedIn Profile – with Brenda Bernstein Where:  Dentons US LLP, Downtown Chicago, 233 South Wacker Drive, Suite 5900 When:  Thursday, November 5th, 7-8:30PM RSVP: Click Here Whether you are an executive, a professional, a student or a business owner, LinkedIn plays a central role in your career path. Are you getting the value you want from your LinkedIn profile? Join us to learn the latest tips on LinkedIn in a workshop tailored specifically to you. Brenda Bernstein (’91), author of the bestselling book How to Write a KILLER LinkedIn Profile, will teach you how to maximize your LinkedIn visibility and impact, while communicating your unique value to your audience. Register early and you might have the chance for Brenda to coach you on your LinkedIn profile during the session!

Beware the shifting tense

Beware the shifting tense Beware the shifting tense Beware the shifting tense By Erin Many writers, students and professionals alike, struggle with the problem of tense shifting. Your writing will be easier to follow if youre sure to keep your tense consistent. A verbs tense lets the reader know when the action is taking place. Is it in the past (ran), present (run), or future (will run)? Since most of the problems occur in the past and present, well leave future tense out of the conversation for now. In academic writing, the general rule is to use present tense when citing published sources. For example, In her book The Artist’s way, author Julia Cameron writes that†¦. The signal phrase â€Å"author Julia Cameron writes† lets the reader know that information from an outside source is being used. Signal phrases should have present tense verbs. Most fiction and other narrative writing takes place in the past tense. A narrator is telling a story as it happened. Sometimes, though, a writer will accidentally slip into present tense without realizing it: I walked down to the edge of the water and dipped my toe in. Suddenly, out of nowhere, Jason grabs my arm and pushes me in the pool! In the second sentence, the author has slipped from past tense (walked/dipped) into present (grabs/pushes). Most of us do this in casual conversation all the time, so its important to be aware of it when were writing. Sometimes, a writer will choose to tell an entire story in the present tense for a sense of immediacy. In any case, its important to stick to the tense youve started with. Any necessary tense changes should have a clear purpose, and should be done smoothly. Otherwise, your reader will be unnecessarily distracted. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Format a UK Business LetterHow to Play HQ Words: Cheats, Tips and TricksList of Prefixes and Suffixes and their Meanings

Esl423 8 reflection journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Esl423 8 reflection journal - Essay Example s that lay ahead in the actual working environment while the latter gives us confidence that as teaching techniques evolve with the help of ideas from experts, it has become better adapted to the rapidly changing environment of our classrooms. Inputs from the first module were about the legal, historical and educational foundations of the Structured English Immersion (SEI). America has always been a multicultural nation that it is surprising to learn how relatively new the SEI concept is. This only tells us that there is still so much room for development which educators need to be constantly updated about. It’s good to know that we can always turn to academic internet sources maintained by experts for the needed information, including models and the latest findings in language research. Books (including e-books) and websites dedicated to helping teachers in the profession also abound. For example, there are books that give methods on making basic math easier for kids. With my knowledge from ESL 423, I can slightly modify such methods so that academic English is reinforced while content learning is unaffected, if not improved. Teachers can also make use of multimedia such as PowerPoint presentations and video clips to improve learning (qtd. in Stansbury, 2008). Really, with a little creativity, there are so many resources a teacher could use in this age of information. This makes the job easier and enjoyable for us that I’ve become highly motivated to further develop my skills in ESL instruction in a multilingual/multicultural classroom. This course, no doubt, has enhanced my professional abilities by introducing the standards that teachers are required to follow to ensure quality instructions. I believe this helps teachers greatly to gauge students as well as their own efforts. My students’ failure is also my own failure and with the standards as my guide, I can properly address which areas need improvement, both on my students’ and my part. Also

Domestic Violence as Social Misogyny Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Domestic Violence as Social Misogyny - Essay Example Domestic violence can be physical, sexual, emotional, economic, or psychological actions or threats of actions that influence another person. This includes any behaviors that intimidate, manipulate, humiliate, isolate, frighten, terrorize, coerce, threaten, blame, hurt, injure, or wound someone[they include] physical abuse (physical abuse also includes denying a partner medical care or forcing alcohol and/or drug use), sexual abuse, emotional abuse, economic abuse, and/or psychological abuse (ES 1)." As indicated, domestic abuse is not pick-pocketing. It is not a crime whose adverse effects can typically be righted by insurance payments or trials. Many domestic abuse victims suffer throughout their entire lives, and are severely compromised as human beings as a result of their abusive experiences. 11 percent of murder victims are said to have been killed by an intimate; additionally "Female murder victims are substantially more likely than male murder victims to have been killed by an intimate (ES 2)." The same calculations continue: "In recent years, Additionally, "it is very difficult to estimate the rate of domestic violence because the majority of victims never disclose that they are involved in partner violence. It is estimated that, regarding violent behavior toward females within the context of an intimate relationship, only 20% of all rapes, 25% of all physical assaults, and 50% of all stalking are ever reported to the policeThe following statisticsshed light on the prevalence of domestic violence (statistics are for the U.S. only): 20-30% of American women will be physically abused by a partner at least once in their lifetimes 1.3 million women and 834,732 men are physically assaulted by an intimate partner annually 201,394 women are forcibly raped by an intimate partner annually 11% of women in homosexual relationships and 23% of men in homosexual relationships report being raped, physically assaulted, and/or stalked by an intimate partner 503,485 women and 185,496 men are stalked by an intimate partner annually 1-25% of all pregnant women are battered during pregnancy 30-40% of women's emergency room visits are for injuries due to domestic violence 30% of women killed in the U.S. are killed by their husbands or boyfriends 50% of men who assaulted their female partners also assaulted their children 3.3 million children witness domestic violence each year (ES 3)". As the data clearly shows, domestic violence is primarily a problem of violence against women. To ignore this problem is to ignore a problem whose primary impact is upon the women of this society, and as such, is a sexist and misogynistic action. The National Center for PTSD goes on to note "There are also many psychological effects of domestic violence. Depression remains the foremost response, with 60% of battered women reporting depression. In addition,

Duffy-Exploitation of Women Essay Example for Free

Duffy-Exploitation of Women Essay To what extent is Duffy a poet who exposes the exploitation of women and fights against their further oppression? In your response, you must include detailed critical discussion of Standing Female Nude and at least one other poem by Duffy. In response to the question above, I feel that Duffy is a poet who portrays the exploitation of women and does at times fights against their further oppression. In my view, simply by raising these controversial issues Duffy is drawing attention to the matter and consequently fighting against their further oppression. The title Standing Female Nude is in itself significant. Apart from sounding possibly slightly inappropriate, the title reveals the objectification of women and their position in society. The word Standing however, gives the reader the impression that the character does have some sort of empowerment, as it is usually referred to as who has a high reputation or a position in society. This is apparent later on in the poem. Duffy immediately presents the issue of the exploitation of women and in my view, as a result is fighting against their further oppression by making people aware of the problem. The poem starts six hours like this for a few francs. This shows the reader how dismissive the character is towards whatever she is doing. The fact that she is so dismissive suggests that she is being treated unjustly. The harsh alliteration few francs really emphasises how the character feels she is too good to be doing that particular job or that she is simply not being paid enough for her services. Either way, it reveals how Duffy highlights the exploitation of women by being mistreated and underpaid. In the third line of the first stanza, the poem reads he drains the colour from me. This could be either in a literal sense due to the fact someone is doing a painting of her or in a metaphorical sense in that the painter is actually taking part of her, possibly suggesting that her dignity is being taken away. The way that the character is being bossed by the male painter shows that the woman is not in control of the situation. Although, the man refers to her as Madame, which could be a sign of respect towards the character I feel however, that it could possibly be interpreted to be said in a sarcastic and condescending tone. This adds further weight to my view that Duffy is exposing the exploitation of women and is fighting against their further oppression by making the reader aware of situation and the problems that women face. The word hung in the fourth line suggests that the character is no more than a piece of meat. It implies that the female character will have very little benefit from her work compared to the artist and emphasises the inferiority and exploitation of the woman. The fact that the painter is given a name and the female character in the poem is not, insinuates that she is of no great importance and again highlights how the woman is exploited. In my opinion, this is another key point Duffy includes in the poem to reiterate the issue of womens exploitation. It is an attempt to fight against their further abuse by forcing people to think about the issue. In the first two stanzas all the negative points were directed towards the female character. However, in the third and fourth stanza Duffy completely turns it around and focuses on the painters downfalls. This is demonstrated in the third stanza when she refers to him as little man. This is a sign of empowerment on her behalf, as she exploits his sexual attraction towards her by belittling him, referring to his sexual attributes. This is another example of how Duffy possibly fights against womens further oppression. However, I can understand how some people may disagree with Duffy as her view could be seen as a generalised representation of men and thus could lead some people to draw the conclusion that her poem verges on being hypocritical. Nevertheless, I still feel that Duffy is simply exposing how women are exploited in an attempt to fight against their further oppression. The second poem I am going analyse is Whoever She Was. Like the title in the previous poem, the title Whoever She Was is significant in relation to the poems meaning. The past tense verb, was in the title implies that the character has no identity and suggests she is not the same person as she was before. This perhaps indicates that as the character has lost her identity possibly due to her exploitation. The female character in the poem is described as a flickering figure on a shilling screen. The word flickering gives off the impression that the character is not constant in the sense that a candle flutters. This gives the reader an image of something going on and off and thus not constant. This could also be interpreted as her moving back and forth between reality and past memories of her children. This gives the impression that she is defined by her role as a mother. Although, the exploitation of the women is shown in a different light and is perhaps, not as apparent as in Standing female Nude, Duffy is still exposing the exploitation of women. In the second line of the first stanza, the poem reads My hands, still wet, sprout wooden pegs. The reference to sprout wooden pegs is metaphorical in that it reveals the determined roles of women as mothers. It is a very stereotypical view of mothers and the fact that the woman is saying this emphasises how she herself is defined by these roles and has herself been exploited. The mothers exploitation is also made apparent to the reader when the poem describes how she smells the apples burning as I hang the washing out. By including this Duffy is perhaps trying to show us how the character is living her life through the past memories of her children. I believe this as the smell of burning apples is quite distinctive and this could bring back memories of when she used to cook for her children. This would underline how she has been defined by her role as a mother and not through her individual character. This shows that Duffy exposes the exploitation of women and highlights the attitudes towards mothers in an attempt to fight against their further oppression. The exploitation of the character is shown further when the poem narrates Mummy, say the little voices of the ghosts of children on the telephone. Mummy. The children are referred to as ghosts implying that they are no longer children. However, the mother still views them as children, perhaps because she has been identified by her role as a mother all her life and she considers this to be normal and true. Again, this reiterates Duffys purpose and meaning of the poem by presenting the exploitation of women to the reader, which as result opposes their further oppression. The quote in the second stanza the film is on a loop is possibly a metaphor to the characters life. The word loop indicates the repetitiveness of her life because of the fact she is always characterised by her role as a mother and nothing else. It suggests that the character is stuck in a continuous cycle and cannot let go of her duties and responsibilities of being a mother. This is again reflects her self-perception of only having worth and purpose as a mother. In my view, Duffy is trying to show the reader how the conventions and expectations of motherhood have influenced her personality and perception of herself. By doing this, Duffy is exposing the issue, possibly in an attempt to help people to understand how society has left the character to feel isolated. Consequently, Duffy is fighting against the injustices suffered by women. In the fourth stanza, Duffy deliberately mixes the narrative of the poem from first person to third person. This gives the reader the concept that the character in the poem does not know herself. Because of this, we also get the impression that the character does not have a definitive sense of identity. This is also the case for the character in Standing Female Nude as she also has no distinct identity because of what she has to do in order to survive. In my view, Duffy purposely gives the characters no definitive identity to emphasise how their character and personality has been taken away because of their exploitation. Therefore, Duffy is revealing the exploitation of women to draw attention to the issue, in an attempt to combat womens further oppression. To conclude, although some people may find Duffys poetry to be an unfair representation of men and to a certain extent be sexist, I feel that Duffy is simply trying to raise awareness of the exploitation of women. Therefore, I feel that Duffy is opposing womens further oppression. The two poems Standing Female Nude and Whoever She Was are generally quite dissimilar they do have certain aspects which are similar. For example, both characters do not have a real identity and although in very different circumstances, the two characters have been exploited. Once again, I believe that Duffy is simply a poet who exposes the exploitation of women in an attempt to help improve the situation for others.

macbeth as a tragic hero Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A Shakespearean tragic hero starts out as a noble person; a great exceptional being who stands out. A tragic hero has a tragic flaw of an exaggerated trait that leads to their downfall and eventually to death. William Shakespeare often made his main characters tragic heroes in his plays. In Shakespeare’s Macbeth, the role of the tragic hero is given to the main character: Macbeth. This is because he starts off as a loyal and well liked man in the beginning, but has a tragic flaw of ambition which ultimately leads to his downfall.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Macbeth started off a great and noble man of Scotland and was honoured by the king and his people. He was thought of as a great man and brave among the soldiers. â€Å"†¦for brave Macbeth- well he is worthy of that name†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (I, ii, 26) The king thought so highly of Macbeth that when he killed the traitor Macdonwald, Duncan crowned Macbeth with the title of thane of Cawdor. â€Å"And for an earnest and great honour, He bade me, for him, call the thane of Cawdor: In which addition hail, most worthy thane! For it is thine!†(I, iii, 109-12) As every tragic hero does, Macbeth also has a tragic flaw: ambition.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Macbeth can be considered a Shakespearean tragic hero because he possesses the tragic flaw of ambition. He is thought of to be a very ambitious man by himself and other characters, like his wife, Lady Macbeth. â€Å"Thou wouldst be great:/Art not without ambition, but/ Without ...

JetBlue Airways Case Essay

Problem Identification Presently, David Barger, former COO elected CEO of JetBlue Airways (JetBlue), faces a key issue of slowing down their growth. The issue at hand is: What is the best path for JetBlue slow down their growth in the future airline industry? External Analysis Macro Economics Analysis For an analysis of the Macro Economics of the JetBlue, a PESTEL analysis is shown below for the United States. PESTEL Analysis Political: N/A Economic: The United Sates was hit hard economically from the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. This caused fare wars amongst competitors in the airline industry and domestic airline yields to drop twenty percent. These yields wouldn’t recover from pre attack rates until 2006. In fact, as of October 2006, five major United States airlines were operating under Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection. Fuel costs in the United States have seen a dramatic increase since the terror attacks in 2001. Social:  The airline industry, like every other industry, has been affected by the introduction of the internet and its users. People have made it the norm to purchase their airline tickets over the internet instead of by phone or travel agent. These sites have become user friendly and even offer incentives to the buyer. Another social trend is reoccurring business passengers that fly all over the country for work or meetings bringing in a whole other market. Technological: Mostly every industry is driven by technology and the airline industry is no exception. The development of new planes and newer ways of manufacturing them hold a great deal of value for a company. The current planes that JetBlue operate with are the A320 and the E190. The A320 was a proven plane that JetBlue had begun using since their introduction in 2000. The E190 was turning into a promising plane that had great growth potential showing a much lower cost margin compared to the A320. The downside of the E190 is that it is not liked by JetBlue’s employees and customers as much as the A320. Environmental: Weather is the biggest threat to any travel industry, airliners in particular. Severe weather may cause flight delays or possibly cancellations making airlines an unreliable way to travel. Legal: The size of an aircraft and the amount of passengers that one can fly is regulated by the Air Line Pilots Association (ALPA). These regulations help ensure the relationship between regional airlines and legacy airlines. Pilots’ unions have even asked for scope clauses in their contracts to ensure that their routes are not encroached on by regional airlines. Airlines also operate under the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) which dictates to them when a flight can fly or not in certain weather conditions. To conclude, the airline industry like most industries has been dealing with economic downturn along with new social trends and the ever growing of today’s technology. Weather will always be an unpredictable travel flaw where such industries have no control of the results. Industry Analysis Industry: Commercial airline providers are separated by two divisions, long haul and short haul outings. The industry that JetBlue operates in is located in the U.S. and it is divided into three segments, legacy carriers, low cost carriers, and regional airlines. These segments serve each of the  divisions depending on the distance of the flight and the amount of passengers that can fit on the plane. This industry is a very competitive one and has been proven hard to turn a profit for most companies. Life Cycle: JetBlue, founded in 1999, achieved major airline status in 2004 by exceeding one billion dollars in revenue. JetBlue was also able to achieve the status of the ninth largest passenger carrier in the United States in 2005. JetBlue is currently in the mature stage their life cycle but they have several opportunities for future growth. Mark Powers, the senior vice president, was quoted saying that if JetBlue keeps on the same path of acquiring airplanes in bulk they will grow themselves to death. Competitors: As aforementioned the commercial airline industry is segmented into three types of carriers. Legacy carriers are the best known airlines in the U.S. and they got their name due to their long histories, some dating back to the 1920’s. These carriers also had a specific characterization called the hub and spoke system where these companies would have large hubs at specific airports where lots of their customers would catch connecting flight (spokes). Some examples of legacy airlines are United Airlines, American Airlines, and Delta Airlines. Low cost carriers, such as Southwest Airlines, operated by directly bringing the passengers to city to city, within the limits of 500 miles. This was attractive to passengers due to no layovers or connecting flights and utilized a market that would otherwise travel by car or bus. In fact, Southwest Airlines was the only airline in America who constantly that made profits each year from 1973 to 2005. Regional airlines services passengers on a plane of less than 76 seats, and were often used by legacy airlines to charter customers to large hubs to connect with their long haul flight. JetBlue competes directly with all these airlines and is often compared to Southwest Airlines, in terms of being a low cost carrier. Porters 5 Forces Model Degree of Rivalry: The degree of rivalry in the airline industry is very high, there are multiple companies offering the same service on a daily basis for customers to choose from. There have been price wars in the past usually low cost is the consumers ultimate decision criteria. Brand recognition makes rivalry even greater and incentives that each airline gives to their customers enable them to pick and choose which company they  prefer to travel with. Threat of New Entrants: Entry into the airline industry is very hard making the threat of new entrants very low. There are high barriers along with high capital costs to start operations. An airline is required to have certified pilots that include compensation and they must have substantial training in each aircraft in order to operate one. In order to benefit from economies of scale an airline must have a fleet of airplanes of at least forty to fifty, according to Tom Anderson the senior vice president of Fleet Programs. A new entrant would have a find it hard to compete in an industry with high brand recognition from the legacy airlines that have a loyal following of passengers with past experiences. Buyer Power: Customer power is extremely mixed between high and low in the airline industry. Customers ultimately get to pick and choose which airline best suits their specific needs making their power high, but the airlines have the power of setting industry prices and times for when flights depart. Customers are left with choosing between the criteria of a low priced ticket or a specific travel time making their power a little less high or even low. Supplier Power: The supply chain for JetBlue has a relatively high amount of power. Suppliers can pick and choose what airline they want to build for due to the highly specialized trade. JetBlue has found themselves buying airplanes as fast as their supplier, Embraer, can make them. Embraer entered into contract with JetBlue and has enabled them to customize their E190 aircraft in order to try and develop a competitive advantage over others. Fuel is a major source of supply in the airliner industry, with the ability to greater margins with lower costs. Fuel prices have seen a dramatic increase over the years from 2001’s price of seventy cents a gallon to two dollars and ten cents per gallon in 2007. Southwest takes some of this risk out of their operations with the use of fuel hedges. Threat of Substitutions: There are no substitutes for long distance air travel besides competing companies’ different airplanes, making the threat of substitution low. Planes can be substituted for other plans like the E190 to a regional jet (RJ), but the RJ has a 34% increase in cost per available seat mile. In a way JetBlue is operating as a substitute due to the fact that they offer 65% lower fares than legacy carriers. In terms of a travel substitutes, cars, buses, and trains are all viable substitutes for air travel if a customer decides to choose so. The above industry analysis shows that this is a highly competitive industry with varying power from consumers to suppliers. The overall conclusion is gaining loyal customers while keeping costs low in order to stay competitive in this industry. Most of the drivers of profitability are at a industry/market level rather than a general/firm level. Market Analysis Primary: By utilizing their different planes, JetBlue has been able to attract two types of primary customers. The A320, the larger plane for longer hauls, attracts the family that is going on vacation say to Florida. The E190, the smaller plane for shorter hauls, has attracted the business traveller that might be going to another state for a meeting. Each plane can serve either purpose depending on the distance need travelled but these are the norms that JetBlue has found for their passengers. Secondary: A secondary customer is served primarily on shorter hauls between cities. These revelers, as they have been called, travel from city to city for a sports event or a celebration of sorts and need to be on time without delay due to scheduling. JetBlue has found it hard in the past to guarantee no delays but continue to be one of the best in flight completion. This makes these customers non frequent flyers due to their reputation. Key Success Factors In the airline industry the following are the key success factor for a company to have: a way of attracting customers, managing of their staff, managing of their fleet, customer satisfaction, the ability to meet competitive prices, have a low cost per seat mile, a high passenger load factor, and a high amount of connecting flights for long hauls. The above external analysis shows us that this is a highly competitive industry full of a variety of players. In order to stay successful companies must keep costs low and have good customer service. The external factors in this industry are mostly out of the companies control and should be taken for what they are due to the impact they have industry wide. The planes that JetBlue operates with are exploitable in a way that gives them a competitive advantage by being able to adhere to two markets instantaneously. The A320 allows them to accommodate long haul travelers while the E190 allows them to accommodate the rest of the market. The Customer Bill of Rights was established after the Valentine’s Day crisis in 2007 and it describes JetBlue’s responsibilities to its customers in information sharing, cancellations, departure delays, overbookings, and on-board ground delays for arrivals and departures. These rights are the first of its kind among the U.S. airlines. JetBlue’s investment of $800 million for their new terminal in JFK airport with 26 new gates and a wide variety of passenger amenities gives them a huge competitive advantage. This shall attract brand recognition from the state of the art design along with the exclusive access in a very busy international airport. JetBlue with help from their supplier have been able to customize the E190 to include leather upholstery and satellite T.V. screens for each seat giving the passenger a comfortable and luxurious experience when flying. JetBlue for years has prided themselves as being the best in flight completion. BusinessWeek even had them as forth on the top performing companies in customer service. Value Chain The activities that create value for JetBlue are as follows: To lower fares JetBlue provided customers with incentives to purchase their tickets over the internet on the company website instead of by phone. If a customer still wished to book via phone then JetBlue has part time reservation agents who worked from home which in turn lowered their reservation function costs. Having their pilots exclusively fly one type of airplane and not both. To fly both they needed dual certification and needed to have â€Å"training† flying which was a form of non-revenue flight time for JetBlue. This cuts down on fuel costs as well as training time giving JetBlue’s pilots expertise with their aircrafts. â€Å"Red-Eye† Flights. Red-Eye flights are a useful capability  due to the fact that not many airlines provide them. These flights are done in the early hours of the morning and connect California to the eastern cities. Leverage: As seen above all the leverage ratios are above one meaning debt is higher than the equity produced by the firm. This can be seen as a positive and a negative. The positive is that the company has the potential to generate more money with this debt then without it. As seen in the financial statements, liabilities increase every year and so does operating revenues, maybe from a direct correlation. The negative aspect is that this gives the company another expense in interest deductive from revenues. Liquidity: The single liquidity ratio shows a lot concerning where a business is at in terms of being able to pay off your debt when need be. JetBlue’s current ratio shows a positive and a negative aspect. The positive aspect shows that in most of the past years JetBlue has had a ratio over one meaning they could pay all their current debt if called upon. The negative aspect is that in 2005 they fell below one and below industry standards. Profitability: In the case of profit ratios, JetBlue has a minor gap in between their net income and their operating income. The major difference is that in 2005 and  2006 the operating incomes were positive and the net income negative giving an indication that there is a factor that is causing a negative impact out of operations. The industry overall has not been profitable as seen in the analysis but JetBlue who has been compared to Southwest, who was profitable in these years, must make some changes to keep up to par. To conclude the above internal analysis JetBlue has many resources that they can use to gain a competitive advantage over their competitors. They also have several strong activities that add great value to their operations. Their financial stability might be uncertain at times but the industry as a whole is structured this way in the United States. Alternatives Alternative 1: Stop buying airplanes. Put a halt to all plane acquisitions for at least 3 years to stop the growth temporarily. Pros:Cons: – Stops from growing to death – Will make supplier upset – Allows to pay off existing debt – No further benefit of economies of scale – Allows for employees to adjust – Less maintenance costs Alternative 2: Scrap the A320. Live out the rest of the days of all A320 planes then scrap them from business operations and exclusively use the E190. Pros:Cons: – E190 provides better cost margins – Employees do not like the E190 as much – Using proven Southwest model of one type of plane- Would need to have a central hub in Kansas – Not wasting the remaining life of the A320’s – Make suppliers upset – Unique market of medium range planes, opportunity for growth Alternative 3: Scrap the E190. Live out the rest of the days of all E190 planes then scrap them from business operations and exclusively use the A320. Pro:Cons: – Employees like the A320 better – Make suppliers upset – Using proven Southwest model of one type of plane – Miss out on better cost margins of the E190 – Proven to be profitable in the past – Utilization of the new hub at JFK being built Decision Criteria The aforementioned alternatives need to be weighted with the below criteria prior to choosing a recommendation. Employee Satisfaction Customer Satisfaction How upset the Supplier will be Potential growth in the near future Recommendation We as a team recommend that JetBlue use alternative two. The reason that we have picked alternative two is due to the fact that it best fit our decision criteria. Even though employees are not as fond of the E190 compared to the old A320 we feel that they would adjust to the new setting quicker if that plane was their only option, this also includes the pilots and maintenance crew. Customers seem to like the E190 and the satisfaction should come more from JetBlue’s new policies and procedure from the Bill of Rights. We believe that the supplier will not be as upset due to the fact that JetBlue will still be buying these planes from them as they are needed. The E190 gave the best cost margins for potential growth in the near future compared to the legacy carriers and regional jets making it a the clear choice. In order to completely satisfy the entire market of the United Sates JetBlue would need a new central hub located in Kansas City, as mentioned by Rob Maruster. By only having one type of aircraft in the fleet it allows JetBlue’s structure to act like Southwest Airlines, with their Boeing 737, and allow their ground and flight personnel decreasing the average turnaround time between landing and getting back in the air. Implementation Implementation should begin with the stopping of purchasing or fixing the A320 planes. Once enough debt has been paid off from the saved money begin to construct a new central terminal in Kansas City. In the long term additional E190’s will need to be purchased enabling JetBlue to service more cities throughout the U.S. and keep the turnarounds quick. Contingency Plan If failing to be competitive and popular with the exclusive aircraft model we suggest trying to become an international airline and flying across to boarder countries like Canada and Mexico. This would not require additional capital in planes but merely agreements with countries regulations.

Blue Gold Essay

The short documentary, Blue Gold, presented an issue of our planet’s water supply. Our planet is made out of about 70% of water. However, less than 1% of that water is actually drinkable. The issue is that water is becoming scares and due to lack of rain, the precious water begins to dry out. As the water source rapidly declines, the corporations saw that as a chance to make profit. Therefore, we are forced to buy overpriced water. Summary: Blue Gold did a great job representing the issue and how it affects not only third world countries but first world countries as well. Not only does the documentary talk about the water scarcity problem but they also talk about how the big corporations decided to take control of the situation by owning water and selling it. As the documentary stated, â€Å"water is now a valuable asset†. I am very glad that I got the opportunity to watch this film. Blue Gold opened my eyes to a problem that has been in front of my face the entire time. Shocking information that caught my attention while watching the film is the fact that in Mexico, a plastic bottle of water is more expensive than a glass bottle of Coke-Cola! The idea that Coke-Cola, owner of Nestle, basically took over Mexico and their water supply yet citizens of Mexico are extremely deprived of water is disgusting. Big corporations that are sharks like Coke-Cola are the reason why water is scares. These corporations are they taking over and â€Å"owning† water by literally trapping water in large dams! By doing this, water is not getting is full nutrients because water is suppose to go through the cycle of natural water flow through rivers, lakes, oceans, etc. Not only are these corporations taking over water, they are the ones who are also polluting the water. These corporations dump their wastes into a nearby body of water. Like I stated previously, water needs to flow through a water cycle. As the water is partaking its natural cycle, it is carrying the waste created from the corporations and spreading it through out the world. After watching this movie, it is not even shocking that only less than 1% of the world’s 70% of water is drinkable. Water is no longer available for everyone. It is only available for those who are rich enough to afford it. How sad is that? Children in Mexico drink polluted water from rivers because they are not part of the higher social class that can afford a bottle of clean drinking water. These higher classes are taking over the water source and controlling who gets clean water and who doesn’t. Now that I have watched Blue Gold, I can see how water supply is deprecating. As I drive around, I can see swamps dried out from the lack of rain. We must act now to save this planet’s water because the longer we wait, the more polluted water gets which makes more of Earth’s water unusable. We must spread awareness as well as get some ground rules or laws to prevent these big industries from taking over water as well as dumping whatever they desire. Conclusion: Today, I bought myself a Ethos water bottle from Starbucks and it was sold at a whooping price of almost $3! That is more than a dollar more than a cup of coffee! Watching this movie definitely changed my perspective of water and I am more aware of the situation. I would recommend others to watch this short documentary because the more people aware of the situation, the more people that are willing to prevent and fix this situation.